Adjective declension

Adjectives in Gothic feature declensions, albeit fewer than nouns do. Gothic – both Old and Revived – has six overarching adjective declension classes with little to no irregularity whatsoever.

This page's adjective tables' genders are arranged in the order masculine / neuter / feminine according to similarities between masculine and neuter forms.

Adjective types & declension structures

 * Strong
 * A-stems
 * JA-stems
 * I-stems
 * U-stems
 * Weak
 * N-stems
 * ND-stems

Strong
Strong adjectives are quite prevalent, often characterised by a final -s. They also take the N-declension as weak forms – exceptions to this latter note are words which also serve as determiners, such as «alls» (all) and «aljis» (other, another), only taking strong forms.

Weak
Weak adjectives possess an inherent definiteness – compare strong «Mans haunjans mik galeikaidans .» “I like humble people” vs. weak « Haunjan mans mik galeikaidan .» “I like the humble people”.

N-stem
N-stems are a relatively small class characterised by a final -a. Most of these adjectives are ordinal numerals. Examples of N-stems are «þridja» (third), «alewja» (olivey, of / pertaining to olives) and «walisa» (true, genuine; beloved).

ND-stem
Often known as aN/īN-stems in most Gothic resources, this declension features in present participles and comparative (and some superlative) adjectives and is characterised by a final -nds/a. The name ND-stem is used as a more concise term which, while not necessarily implying pure adjectives, describes the majority of words within the declension. Some examples historical superlatives are «innuma» (inner, interior) and «aftuma» (final, last).

* Note the locational «hleiduma» (left) is also in this category, contrasting in declension with N-stem «taihswa» (right).